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Response to the letter
4 (
2
); 56-57
doi:
10.25259/IJMIO-13-2019

Artificial intelligence: A new era of technological advancement in oncology care

Department of Medical Oncology, Artemis Hospital, Delhi, India.

*Corresponding author: Dr. Randeep Singh, Department of Medical Oncology, Artemis Hospital, Delhi – 110 016 India. drrandeep@yahoo.co.in

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

How to cite this article: Singh R. Is artificial intelligence an alternative to human intelligence?. Int J Mol Immuno Oncol 2019;4(2):56-7.

“Necessity is the mother of invention.” Till date, the oncologist relies on his experience, memory, judgment, and tumor board discussion for decision-making and deciding the treatment algorithm. It is surely the need of hour in the field of oncology to develop a computer-assisted model that can rationalize and streamline tons of scientific literature and suggest data-driven treatment options. Once a fiction but now a reality: Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the ability of a machine to learn a group of iterative, “self-learning” techniques, which discover relationships within data that can evolve and often be performed faster overtime. AI has made appearance in the field of treatment and precision oncology. Since the past 5 years, there is a tremendous increase in publications related to machine learning and deep learning.

AI is a big tree with many branches such as expert systems, neural networks, deep learning, machine learning, automatic programming, genetic algorithms, natural language processing, and robotics. Some of the companies which are spearheading this project and using AI in health care are Google DeepMind, IBM Watson, Verily, and 3Scan. It has currently found its way in identifying at-risk population, early detection of cancer/cancer screening, predicting chemotherapy toxicities, dosage error reduction softwares, clinical trial participant identifier, virtual nursing assistants, and robot-assisted surgery. AI components in imaging machines would reduce the workload and drive greater efficiency in the radiology field. It is proposed to tailor radiotherapy treatment plans to individual patients using historical radiation data. AI can classify digital photos and be useful in classification of photomicrographs to a pathologist, skin lesions to a dermatologist, and polyps during colonoscopy to a gastroenterologist. In the field of molecular and translational oncology, where big data handling, library preparation, bioinformatics, and computer-based algorithms place a major role, AI will be a boon to connect molecular scientist and clinical oncologist.

There are many limitations of AI such as requirement of very large data set for setting of a reliable hierarchy of the most significant predictive features and validity, reproducibility in independent datasets from similar patient populations, resistance by patient to give access to their intimate medical histories, and integration of different types of data (e.g., clinical, genomic, histological, imaging, demographic, and epidemiological). IBM Watson, one of the pioneers of AI in oncology also has a disclaimer that the generated report is intended to assist clinicians in making decisions and the treating doctor has to exercise his/her professional judgment for the use of the result to his patient.

There are still many unanswered questions today in AI. Based on the progress and limitations stated above, there will be many future challenges to AI in oncology such as ethical concerns, safety, interdisciplinary development between various oncology services, social and medicolegal concerns. While no AI may replace physician, but in the next decade, the physicians, who have adapted AI in their clinical practice, may replace physicians who have not.

ICON — 41st ICON CONFERENCE

13-15 Sept 2019, Ahmedabad

Dr Bhavesh Parekh & Dr Gaurang Modi

www.OncologyIndia.org

Conference Organizer : Kavina Creations

+91-98190-25850 and

1st MEDIC LAWGIC CONFERENCE

8th September 2019, New Delhi Dr Purvish Parikh

www.MedicLAWgic.com

Conference Organizer : Kavina Creations

+91-98190-25850 and


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